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Python is a high-level, interpreted, and object-oriented programming language. It is designed for readability and simplicity. Python is used in web development, data analysis, machine learning, automation, and game development.
python --version in the terminal or command prompt.Let’s write our first Python program:
print("Hello, World!")To run this code, paste it into a terminal or Python IDE and execute it. You should see "Hello, World!" as the output.
Variables in Python are used to store values. Python is dynamically typed, which means you don't need to explicitly define the variable type.
# Example:
x = 10 # Integer
y = 3.14 # Float
name = "John" # String
is_active = True # BooleanPython uses "if-elif-else" statements for decision-making.
# Example:
num = 10
if num > 0:
print("Positive number")
elif num == 0:
print("Zero")
else:
print("Negative number")Python has two types of loops: for and while.
# Example:
for i in range(5):
print(i)# Example:
count = 0
while count < 5:
print(count)
count += 1Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks.
# Example:
def greet(name):
return f"Hello, {name}!"
print(greet("Alice"))Lists are mutable data structures used to store elements.
# Example:
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.append("orange")
print(fruits)Tuples are immutable data structures.
# Example:
colors = ("red", "green", "blue")
print(colors)Dictionaries are collections of key-value pairs.
# Example:
student = {
"name": "John",
"age": 21,
"grades": [90, 85, 88]
}
print(student["name"])Python has built-in functions for reading and writing files.
# Writing to a file:
with open("example.txt", "w") as file:
file.write("Hello, Python!")
# Reading from a file:
with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)OOP concepts in Python are easy to use, involving classes and objects.
# Example:
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age
def greet(self):
print(f"Hi, my name is {self.name} and I am {self.age} years old.")
p = Person("Alice", 25)
p.greet()Python has numerous libraries to make development easier. Some popular libraries are: